ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Spirulina, food of past, present and future
Spirulina is a multicellular and filamentous blue-green microalgae. Its contains large amounts of protein (70 % dry weight), carotenoid (4000 mg/kg),omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, Gamma Linoleic Acid (GLA), sulfolipids, glycolipids, polysaccharides, provitamins; vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamins B, mineral such as magnesium, iron, calcium, manganese, potassium, selenium and zinc. Due to its cost-effective and high nutritional value, it has used as protein-rich food and animal feed for improving meat production. This product commercially produced in large outdoor pools under controlled conditions. This microalga has soft cell walls that easily digested. New experimental supports the immunomodulation and antiviral effects of Spirulina. After that, it is used for astronauts on space missions. Although Spirulina might symbolize a functional food with potential helpful effects on human health. Therefore, the effect of food containing should evaluate in the future.
https://www.healthbiotechpharm.org/article_133130_31e1fb831566fdfb8b7ef96757ad822b.pdf
2020-03-01
1
20
10.22034/HBB.2020.26
Spirulina
cyanobacterium
provitamin
Supplementation
new foods
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Design and synthesis of short antimicrobial peptide derivatives based on human cathelicidin
Cathelicidin derived from human leukocytes is a 171amino acid protein that demonstrated to have antimicrobial activity. Synthesis of Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) are known to be expensive. In this study, after extraction of human cathelicidin sequence from NCBI, physicochemical characteristics such as length, amino acids composition, hydrophobicity and net charge were determined. Several truncated peptides were selected and probability of antimicrobial activity was predicted by Antimicrobial Peptide Prediction software. Purity and molecular weight of the peptides were confirmed by HPLC and mass spectrometry. Eventually, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of these peptides against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were examined by micro-dilution method. Two peptides were synthesized as a result of bioinformatics method. One of the two prepared peptides with 13 amino acids length showed good activity against the bacteria. MIC results of this peptide were 15.6 μg/ml (against E. coli), 31.2 μg/ml (against P. aeruginosa) and 31.2 μg/ml (against S. aureus). Another peptide, Cth14, showed 125 μg/ml against E. coli. IC50 of Cth13 and Cth14 were 959 μg/ml and 335 μg/ml, respectively.
https://www.healthbiotechpharm.org/article_133132_b920e7cde262027295fa13368ffbc1a7.pdf
2020-03-01
21
34
10.22034/HBB.2020.27
AMPs
cathelicidin
peptide library
in silico design
MIC
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The role of drinking hydrogen-rich water produced by alkaline stick on resistance exercise in athletes
In the double-blind study, the effect of drinking Hydrogen-Rich Water (HRW) producing by alkaline stick and tap water (placebo) on 9 male athletes in resistance training during 24 h were studied, and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Creatine Kinase (CPK) and Lactic Acid (LAC) levels in their blood samples were tested. The decrease of LAC and LDH values in the HRW group compared with the placebo were significant. However, the changes of CPK was not significant in neither of the experience. The results show that once drinking HRW has the appropriate effect on LAC decrease, LDH decrease and the resulted tiredness in resistance exercise. Henceforth, it could improve sport efficiency in professional athletes.
https://www.healthbiotechpharm.org/article_133133_006c2fc6dd3d8434a696d1a51bc37a57.pdf
2020-03-01
35
47
10.22034/HBB.2020.28
Alkaline stick
hydrogen-rich water
resistance exercise
lactate dehydrogenase
Lactic acid
Creatine kinase
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using the aqueous extract of chamomile flower and their antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter spp.
In this study, we have shown that biologically synthesized Silver Nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) can effectively inhibit the growth of a clinical isolate of the Acinetobacter spp in vivo. The bacterial strain was isolated from a hospitalized male burnt patient in Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. Initially, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of ampicillin, kanamycin, tetracycline, and azithromycine were determined for the strain using broth microdilution method. The bacterial strain was found to have the highest resistant against azithromycin (400 μg/ml), whereas the MIC for kanamycin, ampicillin and tetracycline were at 200 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, and 100 μg/ml, respectively. Additionally, Ag-NPs were prepared using the aqueous extract of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) flowers. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) image revealed the particles have spherical and irregular flower-like shapes with an average size of 18 ±3 nm based on the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) spectrum data. Interestingly, the biosynthesized Ag-NPs shown to actively inhibit the growth of the bacterial strain with MIC at 50 μg/ml.
https://www.healthbiotechpharm.org/article_133135_21aa9c2a6941d57c6c59942517e21ad4.pdf
2020-03-01
48
62
10.22034/HBB.2020.29
Multidrug Resistance
Silver nanoparticles
MIC
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparing mental performance and hardiness of rural and urban university students in Ahwaz
The aim of the present study was to compare mental performance and hardiness of rural university students with urban university students in Shahid Chamran University of Ahwaz. This study had causal-comparative design. Samples were chosen randomly from 159 students (88 urban students and 71 rural students). Data were obtained from General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and Psychological Hardiness Inventory (AHI). SPSS16 software was used to analyze the data. Descriptive and inferential analysis (t-test for independent groups) was conducted. Findings showed that there was no significant difference in two major variables (GHQ and AHI) between urban and rural students. The results of this study indicate that the people place of residence affect the severity of depression and somatic symptoms in rural and urban students.
https://www.healthbiotechpharm.org/article_133136_be419fe8a1d5893c7c6911e426bd867b.pdf
2020-03-01
63
71
10.22034/HBB.2020.30
Mental performance
hardiness
Place of Residence
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Prelevence of Salmonella typhi and pharmacotherapy outcomes among children in ten years in Hilla city, Iraq
Typhoid fever diseases menace the human health worldwide. This study assessed the prevalence of typhoid fever among children in Hilla City. A total of 217 samples were collected. Children were diagnosed with payrexia caused by S. typhi by records of medical used for statistical study tools considered. Most of patients aged 1-4 years and were male (54.4 %). Interestingly, our findings unraveled an increasing trend between 2014 and 2015, decresing during 2015-2016 but a sharp increase during 2016-2018. Puplic health interventions need to be under consideration to hinder the spread of infection. Studies of healthcare and proper pharmacotherapies would help to develop better control systems and comparison between urban and rural areas of infection.
https://www.healthbiotechpharm.org/article_133138_1e838c9e1bbed5608466a0d73e33fdc2.pdf
2020-03-01
72
77
10.22034/HBB.2020.31
Typhoid Fever
children under ten years
Hillah